如果說制造業是國家的基礎和命脈，那機床則是制造業的重中之重。沒有機床，就沒有電掣風馳的高鐵；沒有機床，就沒有鷹擊長空的戰斗機；沒有機床，就沒有飄洋遠行的航母。
If manufacturing is the foundation and lifeblood of the state, the machine tool is the top priority in manufacturing. Without machine tools, there is no high-speed rail. Without the machine tool, there would be no eagles flying fighter; Without machine tools, there would be no flying carriers.
但是一直以來，我國的機床產業都走著一條極為艱難的道路。
But the machine tool industry in our country has been taking a very difficult road.
我國的工業起步晚、技術落后，而且幾乎是在一窮二白的境況之下開始的，機床也在其中。
1958年，在蘇聯的援助之下，我國研制出了第一臺數控機床，從此開始數控機床的發展之路。到了六十年代，歐美對中國進行技術封鎖，蘇聯也停止對中國的援助，機床行業依靠著自立更生發展出十八家骨干企業，也就是后來的機床行業“十八羅漢”。
In 1958, with the aid of the Soviet union, China developed the first CNC machine tool and began the development of CNC machine tools. In the 60 s, Europe and the United States to China technology blockade, the Soviet union also stop aid to China, rely on the machine tool industry develop self-reliance 18 backbone enterprises, which became "18 arhats" machine tool industry.
These 18 enterprises quietly supported the development of the whole equipment manufacturing industry and industry in China at that time. By the end of 1965, these enterprises had accumulated 26 kinds of high-precision precision machine tools.
這十八家企業默默支撐著我國當時整個裝備制造業乃至工業的發展，到1965年底，這些企業累計掌握的高精度精密機床品種達26種。
到了改革開放以后，先進的技術和機床流入中國，受外來技術的沖擊，原本落后的機床技術已經不能滿足生產需要。十八家企業經歷了破產、兼并、重組，外資企業在中國建廠，民營機床企業也正式進入市場。
After the reform and opening up, the advanced technology and machine tools flowed into China, which was affected by the foreign technology, and the outdated machine tool technology could not meet the production needs. Eighteen enterprises have experienced bankruptcy, merger and reorganization, and foreign enterprises have established factories in China, and private machine tool enterprises have entered the market.
事實上，雖然這些機床產業發達的國家在中國賺的捧滿缽滿，但是真正的核心技術卻一直禁止出口到中國。比如用于加工哈勃太空望遠鏡鏡面的超精密機床，1990年已經制造出來，而這種機床對于加工航空發動機葉面卓卓有余，然而20年后的今天，中國企業還在苦苦探索。
再比如控制器，控制器是數控機床的核心，相當于電腦的CPU，是制造數控機床的關鍵技術。然而目前，以日本FANUC和德國SIEMENS為首的控制器巨頭的產品壟斷市場80％以上，高端產品不僅壟斷，而且限制中國進口。日本人稱“沒有日本的機床，中國的汽車產業將寸步難行。中國對日本的依賴只會越來越加強而不會越來越削弱。這就意味著“日本越來越有能力控制中國”。這些話雖然有些狂妄，但中國在工業產生領域的弱項卻是事實。
These countries still have some old routines, in China also produce five-axis machine tools, only sell three axis machine tools in China, when China developed five-axis machine tools, their five-axis machine tools immediately dumping in China. In this way, the high-end machine tool technology is not allowed to enter China, which hinders the development of Chinese machine tool enterprises.
這些國家還有一些慣用套路，在中國還生產不出五軸機床的時候，只在中國賣三軸機床，當中國研發出五軸機床的時候，他們的五軸機床立刻在中國傾銷。這樣一來既禁止了高端機床技術進入中國，又阻礙了中國機床企業的發展。
If manufacturing is the foundation and lifeblood of the state, the machine tool is the top priority in manufacturing. Without machine tools, there is no high-speed rail. Without the machine tool, there would be no eagles flying fighter; Without machine tools, there would be no flying carriers.
可以說，中國機床企業一直在夾縫中生存。不僅高端機床和技術被限制進口，而且市場也在被外來企業不斷蠶食中。
中國的高端機床市場，一直被日本的FANUC、MAZAK、大隈、牧野，德國的DMG、哈默，美國的哈斯這樣的國際一線機械生產企業憑借著頂級的技術和一流的品質牢牢把控；而在中低端市場，臺灣地區的麗馳、友嘉、東臺、臺中精機等又成為大陸企業最強的對手。
It can be said that Chinese machine tool enterprises have been living in the cracks. Not only are high-end machine tools and technology restricted to imports, but the market is also being eroded by foreign companies.
【此文章原創來自于158機床網轉載請注明出處】
